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Biochemical & Bioinformatic Characterization of FoCdc14 Protein

Summer Science Program in Biochemistry | Summer 2026

Indiana University Bloomington, Five-week residential research program

Fusarium oxysporum is a widespread and highly pathogenic fungus that infects more than 100 plant species, contributing significantly to global agricultural loss.

 

During the five-week Summer Science Program in Biochemistry, I worked with a three-person research team to investigate and characterize Cdc14, a phosphatase involved in fungal cell division and virulence, as a potential target for future antifungal drug development. 

 

We combined computational and bioinformatic modeling with biochemical experiments to investigate the protein's structure and behavior, ultimately using the results to computationally design and evaluate a potential novel inhibitor for F. oxysporum Cdc14 (FoCdc14). 

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Computational:

  • Protein homology modeling and structure visualization

  • Active-site and binding-pocket analysis

  • Multiple sequence alignment

  • Molecular docking and protein-ligand analysis

  • Structure-based inhibitor design

Experimental:

  • Recombinant protein expression and purification

  • SDS-PAGE analysis

  • Protein concentration measurement

  • Enzyme activity and kinetics assays

  • Inhibitor screening and characterization

  • Quantitative analysis of biochemical data

What stood out to me most was the constant exchange between predictions and experimental evidence. When the two disagreed, I learned to treat discrepancies not as errors but as a chance to revisit my understanding. The experience deepened my interest in combining computational approaches with experimental biology, which I hope to pursue in the future. ​

We also produced a full-length manuscript and poster, presenting our findings at the program's final research symposium.

Research Abstract
Full manuscript and poster available upon request.

Cdc14 phosphatases are highly conserved contributors to fungal virulence, acting as attractive targets for antifungal drug development. This study characterizes Cdc14 in Fusarium oxysporum (FoCdc14), an infectious soil-borne fungal species, through biochemical, kinetic, and structural analysis. Recombinant FoCdc14 was purified, displaying phosphatase activity towards para-Nitrophenyl Phosphate (pNPP) and was inhibited by sodium tungstate, validating its identity as a protein tyrosine phosphatase. Enzyme kinetic analysis resulted in a Km value of 12 ± 1 mM and a Vmax value of 4 ± 1  µM/min. Substrate specificity assays demonstrated FoCdc14 to have a preference for phosphoserine substrates with a +1 proline and basic residues at the +3 and/or +5 positions, consistent with fungal Cdc14 homologs. Structural modeling confirmed a substrate binding pocket, allowing for in silico docking of potential inhibitors. In vitro testing with the inhibitors was performed, with I1 showing the strongest inhibition and behaving as an irreversible inhibitor. These findings support the conclusion of FoCdc14 as a protein phosphatase, with biochemical and structural properties indicating its potential as a target for antifungal drug development.

© 2026 by Tim (Ziyu) Wang. 

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